After my
passionate
post on the subject of homosexuality, I've received numerous emails asking
me to clearly state my interpretation of the parts of the Bible that are thought
to speak to the issue of homosexuality. Initially I thought I would respond by
email to those wanting to discuss the Bible, but the number of emails was
overwhelming so I thought I would post my thoughts here.
I'd like to speak to this issue in 4 parts.
Part One - Hypocrisy:
If we Christians were honest, we would admit
that we do not abide by all the commandments of scripture ourselves. I don't
mean that we try and fail. I mean we deliberately choose to ignore scriptures
that are not convenient for our lifestyles. As I pointed out in my post
yesterday, the amount of scripture that is ignored, scorned, and abused by
modern Christians is incredible. This blatant disregard for scripture never
seems to bother church people when the issues at hand have to do with their own
sins. But suddenly, when the subject of homosexuality comes up, everyone becomes
a biblical literalist. The hypocrisy of this is appalling.
I think we should afford our homosexual
brothers and sisters the same luxury we claim for ourselves. If we plan to
ignore whatever scriptures threaten our lifestyles, perhaps we should offer them
space at our bonfire to burn their little handful of scriptures as we burn the
Bible chapter and verse.
We should all agree that none of us are able or
willing to follow all the teachings of scripture. Let the one who is obeying
God's word ask for detailed scriptural explanations from others.
In my book, that settles the argument, and
there is no reason to go further. However, if you are determined to hold
homosexuals to a higher standard, demanding detailed explanations for why they
do not obey minor parts of the Bible while all of Christendom tramples on the
very heart of scripture, move on to part two:
Part Two - The Bible and homosexuality:
The Bible never addresses the subject of
homosexuality as an orientation. The idea of sexual identity was
not a part of human thought until very recently. The Bible addresses some
specific homosexual acts in very specific contexts. The idea of two people in a loving, committed
homosexual relationship was not understood in the ancient Hebrew world and is
not a subject in the Bible. Very credible biblical scholars treat the
passages in question as specific commands against specific acts, and not as a
wholesale prohibition on a homosexual orientation.
For many people, understanding this obvious
limitation of the Bible is all that is needed. The Bible does not address the
broad subject of sexual orientation because it was written before that was an
issue. Any specific condemnation of homosexual acts must be seen as just that –
a specific condemnation of an act in a specific context.
However, if that sounds too wishy-washy to you,
if it sounds too slippery and subjective, let me now speak to all 6 of the
passages in the Bible that are thought by some people to address the issue of
homosexuality.
Part Three – Exegesis
There are exactly 6 scriptures that are thought
to address homosexuality. I’ll either quote the passage or provide a link so
that you can read it.
The story of the destruction of Sodom – Genesis 19:1-29. If you read
this story, you’ll quickly see that the men of the city of Sodom wanted to
commit a brutal, homosexual rape. We simply cannot condemn a sexual orientation
because of a rape. There is a heterosexual rape described in the next passage we
will examine together. Shall we condemn heterosexuality because of this rape?
Any reasonable person will understand that this
passage has nothing to say about loving, consensual homosexual relationships.
Judges 19:1-30 is a sad story of human evil of the type that is
often recounted in scripture. It is basically a retelling of the Sodom story in
a different context. This time, however, the men actually did rape a woman. This
passage speaks to the need for God's love in a brutal world. It has no bearing
on the question of homosexual orientation for the same reason that the Sodom
story is not applicable. Both of these stories condemn ignorance and sexual
brutality, but not homosexuality.
Texts 3 and 4 are both in Leviticus and make up
a part of the Old Testament Levitical code.
Leviticus 18:22 – “Do not lie
with a man as one lies with a woman; that is detestable.”
Leviticus 20:13 – “If a man lies
with a man as one lies with a woman, both of them have done what is detestable.
They must be put to death; their blood will be on their own heads.”
The code of rules and behaviors in Leviticus
does not apply to Christians. The book of Acts, specifically chapter 15, makes
it clear that Gentile Christians are not required to keep all of the Mosaic
laws. No Christian group I know demands full compliance with this ancient code
of behavior. If we did we would have to keep kosher laws. We don’t even demand
compliance with the sexual laws in Leviticus. If we did, we would allow
polygamy, which is lawful in Leviticus. Unless you are prepared to obey all the
laws in Leviticus, you cannot blame the homosexual for not feeling bound to obey
all of them. To point to these two verses and demand selective compliance is
ludicrous.
The Old Testament really has nothing
specific to say to Christians about homosexuality. We turn now to the New
Testament.
Jesus had nothing to say on the
subject of homosexuality. His absence of comment does not support or condemn
homosexuality. Jesus was Jewish, kept the Law of Moses, and mainly dealt with
Jewish people. The issue of homosexuality was not relevant or important to his
ministry. It’s not surprising that Jesus never addressed what was not an issue
for his culture.
Paul, who lived in the gentile
world and dealt with gentiles, discusses specific homosexual acts twice. These
passages are the only two times homosexual behavior is mentioned in the New
Testament. Let me repeat that because it is important. The two passages I
am about to discuss comprise the total New Testament witness on the subject of
homosexuality.
I Corinthians 6:9 – “Do you not
know that the wicked will not inherit the kingdom of God? Do not be deceived:
Neither the sexually immoral nor idolaters nor adulterers nor male prostitutes
nor homosexual offenders” (NIV)
"Male prostitutes" and "homosexual offenders."
Can someone explain to me why we would condemn an entire orientation because of
the prohibition of these very specific behaviors?
The Greek words Paul used in this passage
include the word for a young, effeminate male prostitute and the word for the
older man who paid to have sex with him. Admittedly, there is some disagreement
over how these words should be translated, but let me point out that I'm quoting
from the New International Version, arguably the most conservative modern
translation available. You may disagree with this translation, but you cannot
dismiss it as ridiculous. The scholars who worked on the NIV are not
lightweights. And uncertainty and ambiguity in translation is only a
further argument for tolerance.
We can acknowledge that the New Testament
condemns prostitution and a system where a younger man makes his living
committing sex acts for money with older men. But we cannot condemn
homosexuality in general because homosexual prostitution was condemned. Paul
condemns many heterosexual acts in his writings, even in this very verse, yet we
do not condemn heterosexuality.
Romans 1:18-29 is the last passage we shall look at. It is the one
most often quoted, and it is clearly the closest thing we find to condemnation
in the New Testament. Verse 27 is the most specific verse.
I simply ask you to read this entire passage
with an open mind. In it, Paul says that those who reject God will be given over
to "shameful lusts”. They will engage in many acts that are not pleasing to God.
Men will “burn with lust for one another.”
In Paul's experience, the only homosexuality he
knew was that practiced in the non-Jewish world and probably tied to pagan
temple worship. He claims that homosexuality is one of the punishments for those
who reject God. But what are we to do with gentle and committed Christians who
love God and worship God, but who tell us that they have a homosexual
orientation?
My homosexual friends do not burn in lust for
people and run around committing scandalous acts. They are quietly committed to
their partners in love. The dilemma here is that the homosexual Christians I
know just do not fit the picture Paul gives us in Romans.
I'll be honest- I don’t know exactly what Paul
meant by this passage. I know he was describing people who chose not to worship
God and then "burned with lust for other men." I don't know exactly what he
meant, but I know this DOES NOT describe the homosexual Christians I know, who
love God with great passion.
Because of my inability to make clear sense of
these passages, I am willing to allow a person's sexual orientation to be
between him or her and God. I am willing to take a chance and err on the side of
compassion and inclusion.
Part Four – Conclusion
Those are the 6 passages in the Bible that are
thought to address the subject of homosexuality. The Old Testament passages
amount to nothing and the two New Testament passages are ambiguous at best and
highly open to interpretation.
I do not think the Bible teaches that every
expression of homosexual love is sinful. The scriptural witness on this subject
is shaky at best.
Even if you
do not buy my claim that we have no right to demand specific explanation of
scriptures from homosexuals since we don’t provide similar explanations for the
hundreds of passages we blatantly ignore…
Even if you
do not agree that the Bible never really addresses the subject of homosexuality
as a sexual orientation…
Even if you
reject my biblical analysis and decide that the Bible is condemning of
homosexuals…
Would you at least
agree that the passages are ambiguous and open to many
interpretations? Would you at least agree that others may responsibly interpret
them and not agree with you?
If you could at least
acknowledge that those of us who disagree with your interpretation are
nonetheless serious-minded people who read scripture carefully and want to
follow it, then perhaps you too would be willing to err on the side of
compassion. Perhaps you would be willing to open your churches to our homosexual
brothers and sisters, trusting them to read the Bible just as you do, with love
and hoping for Grace from God.